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By Sergio Martinez, DO, AOA, AOAO
Hip replacement surgery is a common procedure performed to alleviate pain and restore function to the hip joint. The surgery involves replacing the damaged hip joint with an artificial joint made of metal, plastic, or ceramic materials. Hip replacement surgery is typically recommended for patients who suffer from severe arthritis, have had a hip injury, or have a hip deformity that causes pain or difficulty walking. In this article, we will explore the different options available for hip replacement surgery and how to choose the best option for your individual needs.
Traditional Posterior Approach Hip Replacement Surgery
Traditional posterior approach hip replacement surgery involves making an incision in the posterior lateral aspect of the hip to access the joint. In this approach an incision is made through the gluteus muscle and the muscles posterior to the hip are cut to access the joint. The damaged bone and cartilage are removed, and the artificial joint is inserted.
Traditional posterior approach hip replacement surgery has been performed for over 50 years and is a safe and effective procedure. Most patients experience significant pain relief and improved mobility after surgery. However, traditional posterior approach hip replacement surgery requires a longer recovery period than other options and may not be suitable for patients with certain health conditions or who have had previous hip surgery.
Anterior Approach Hip Replacement Surgery
Anterior approach hip replacement surgery is a newer technique that uses an incision in the anterior aspect of the hip to access the joint. In this approach the incision is made between muscle groups and does not cut muscles to access the joint. This approach results in less tissue damage and a quicker recovery time.
Anterior approach hip replacement surgery may be a good option for patients who want to return to normal activities quickly. However, the procedure requires a highly skilled surgeon and may not be suitable for all patients. In addition, the smaller incision may limit the surgeon’s view and access to the joint, potentially increasing the risk of complications.
Partial Hip Replacement Surgery
Partial hip replacement surgery, also known as hip resurfacing, involves replacing only the damaged surface of the hip joint with a metal cap. The rest of the joint is left intact. This procedure is typically recommended for younger patients with hip arthritis who have good bone density.
Partial hip replacement surgery offers several benefits over traditional hip replacement surgery, including a shorter recovery time, less blood loss, and a lower risk of dislocation. However, the procedure requires a highly skilled surgeon and may not be suitable for patients with certain types of hip arthritis or deformities. This surgery is also associated with higher failure rates which may lead to revision surgery.
Robotic-Assisted Hip Replacement Surgery
Robotic-assisted hip replacement surgery is a newer technique that uses a robotic arm and computer guidance to perform the surgery. The surgeon uses a computer tomography (CT) scan of the patient’s hip joint to plan the surgery and the robot to assist with the actual procedure. The robot assists with inserting the artificial joint with greater accuracy than traditional methods. Either an anterior or posterior approach can be used for robotic-assisted surgery.
Robotic-assisted hip replacement surgery may be a good option for patients with complex hip conditions or deformities. The procedure offers greater precision and accuracy, potentially reducing the risk of complications and improving outcomes. However, the procedure requires specialized training and equipment and may not be available at all hospitals.
Hip replacement surgery is a safe and effective procedure that can help to improve pain and mobility in patients with severe hip joint damage or disease. With advances in surgical techniques and implant materials, there are more options than ever before for patients considering hip replacement surgery.
SERGIO MARTINEZ, DO, AOA, AOAO
Sergio Martinez, D.O. is a board certified orthopedic surgeon. Dr. Martinez earned his bachelor’s degree in Psychology with a minor in Chemistry from the University of Miami, Coral Gables. He received a certificate in Biomedical Sciences from the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine and then received his Doctorate of Osteopathy from the same.
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